Within an HTML page, there is a very important element called "html". The <html> tag instructs the browser that this
is an HTML document. The <html> element is also known as the root element. The <html> element is the container for all
other HTML elements in the html document except for the <!DOCTYPE> declaration. All other html elements are contained within
a start and an end <html> tag as shown in the following example:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Computers R Us</title>
<meta name="description" content="Get Computers, servers and laptops on Sale!!!" />
<meta name="keywords" content="computers,servers,laptops" />
<link href="styles/master.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">table {border:0px solid black;}</style>
<script type="text/javascript">..content..</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Main heading</h1>
</body>
</html>
Required Attributes
If the DOCTYPE is set to XHTML, then the xmlns attribute is required. For HTML, it is invalid. The required attribute is added as shown in this example:
<html "xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
| Attribute | Value | Description | DTD |
|---|
| xmlns | http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml | Specifies the namespace to use
only for XHTML documents. | STF |
Optional Attributes
| Attribute | Value | Description | DTD |
|---|
| dir | rtl, ltr | Specifies the text direction for the content in an element | STF |
| lang | language_code | Specifies a language code for the content in an element | STF |
| xml:lang | language_code | Specifies a language code for the content in an element, in XHTML documents | STF |
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